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Random thoughts on
business and finance

Customer Expectations Jonathan Poland

Customer Expectations

Customer expectations refer to the base assumptions that customers make about a brand, its products and services, and the overall…

Cost Variance Jonathan Poland

Cost Variance

Cost variance (CV) is a project management metric that measures the difference between the budgeted cost of a project and…

Settlement Risk Jonathan Poland

Settlement Risk

Settlement risk is the risk that a trading counterparty will not deliver a security or asset as agreed upon in…

Managed Services Jonathan Poland

Managed Services

Managed services refer to a range of IT and business services that are outsourced to a third-party provider. These services…

Bank Derivatives Jonathan Poland

Bank Derivatives

Bank derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset, index, or other financial instruments. They are…

Rule of Three Jonathan Poland

Rule of Three

The rule of three is an economic theory that posits that large, mature markets tend to be dominated by three…

Pricing Techniques Jonathan Poland

Pricing Techniques

Pricing involves carefully considering various factors in order to determine a price that will maximize a company’s profits over the…

Demand Risk Jonathan Poland

Demand Risk

Demand risk refers to the possibility of experiencing financial loss or other negative consequences due to a discrepancy between the…

Top-down vs Bottom-up Jonathan Poland

Top-down vs Bottom-up

Top-down and bottom-up are opposing approaches to thinking, analysis, design, decision-making, strategy, management, and communication. The top-down approach begins with…

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Relationship marketing Jonathan Poland

Relationship marketing

Relationship marketing is a type of marketing that focuses on building long-term, mutually beneficial relationships with customers, rather than just…

Resource Efficiency Jonathan Poland

Resource Efficiency

Resource efficiency is the process of using resources in a way that maximizes their value and minimizes waste. This can…

Brand Strategy Jonathan Poland

Brand Strategy

Brand strategy is the plan that a company has for building and managing its brand over time. It involves defining…

Integration Risk Jonathan Poland

Integration Risk

Integration risk is a type of risk that arises when two or more entities, such as businesses, systems, or processes,…

SWOT Analysis 101 Jonathan Poland

SWOT Analysis 101

SWOT analysis is a tool that is used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a business or…

Motivation Jonathan Poland

Motivation

Motivation is the driving force that inspires people to take action and pursue their goals. It is an important factor…

Overthinking Jonathan Poland

Overthinking

Overthinking, also known as rumination, is a thought process that involves excessive and prolonged contemplation of a problem or situation.…

Praxeology Jonathan Poland

Praxeology

Praxeology is the study of human action, particularly as it pertains to decision-making and the pursuit of goals. The term…

Product Knowledge Jonathan Poland

Product Knowledge

Product knowledge refers to the ability to effectively communicate information and answer questions about a product or service. This knowledge…